Neo / NEO

Creation date :

2017

Whitepaper:

https://docs.neo.html

Site :

https://neo.org/

Consensus :

Proof of Stake

Block Explorer :

etherscan.io

Code :

github.com/noe

NEO in the cryptocurrency ecosystem

NEO, often referred to as ‘China’s Ethereum’, stands out as a pioneering blockchain platform that facilitates the development of smart contracts and decentralised applications (dApps). Its value proposition lies in the adoption of a unique approach to solving specific problems related to blockchain interoperability and smart contract security, featuring innovations such as NeoVM (Neo Virtual Machine) and a dual business model based on NEO and GAS tokens.

NEO is strategically positioned in the cryptocurrency ecosystem thanks to its ability to combine advanced blockchain governance and digital identity functionalities with the ambition to create a ‘smart economy’. One of the most remarkable aspects of NEO is its dBFT (Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance) consensus system, designed to offer better scalability and security than traditional mechanisms such as Proof of Work (PoW) or Proof of Stake.

Innovation at the heart of blockchain

NEO is also introducing features such as NeoFS (Neo File Storage) for decentralised storage and NeoID for digital identity, reinforcing its usefulness in areas requiring a high level of legal compliance and data security. These technological advances, combined with a clear vision of blockchain interoperability, position NEO as a key player in the field of Decentralised Finance (DeFi) and financial applications on blockchain.

NEO stands out in the cryptocurrency world for its commitment to innovation and security, as well as its vision of a smart economy in which blockchain plays a central role. Its ability to evolve and adapt to the changing needs of the cryptocurrency market gives it a unique and valuable place in the global blockchain ecosystem.

History and development of NEO

NEO, often referred to as ‘China’s Ethereum’, stands out for its unique journey and significant technological advances. This section explores NEO’s origin, rebranding, and ongoing innovation, highlighting the key milestones that have shaped its evolution.

From Antshares to NEO: origins and rebranding

Antshares, the original name of NEO, was launched in 2014 by Da HongFei and Erik Zhang. This first incarnation aimed to create a blockchain platform capable of supporting a complete digital economy, including digital assets, digital identities, and smart contracts. In 2017, in a strategic move, Antshares was rebranded as NEO, marking an important step in its ambition to compete with giants like Ethereum by positioning itself as the pillar of the “smart economy”.

The rebranding was not just cosmetic; it was accompanied by a major upgrade of the platform, aimed at improving its scalability, security and interoperability with other blockchains. NEO introduced a dual business model with NEO tokens (representing the right to manage the network) and GAS tokens (used to pay transaction fees and deploy smart contracts), a unique feature that sets NEO apart from other cryptocurrencies.

Launch of Neo3 (N3) and its new functions without backward compatibility

In 2020, NEO reached another major milestone with the launch of Neo3 (N3), a major update aimed at making the platform more accessible, secure and high-performing. This release introduces significant improvements such as increased scalability, better security for smart contracts, and new features such as NeoFS for decentralised storage and NeoID for digital identification. One of the most notable features of Neo3 is its lack of backward compatibility with previous versions, a bold decision that underlines NEO’s commitment to innovation and continuous improvement, even at the risk of disrupting the existing ecosystem.

These milestones in NEO’s evolution demonstrate its commitment to creating a robust blockchain infrastructure capable of supporting a diverse and complex digital economy. With its advanced features and dual business model, NEO is positioned as the platform of choice for developers and businesses looking to harness the power of blockchain to create innovative decentralised applications (dApps) and smart economy solutions.

NEO founders and team

NEO, often referred to as “China’s Ethereum”, stands out in the cryptocurrency world for its unique vision and technology. Behind this revolutionary platform are two iconic figures: Da HongFei and Erik Zhang. Their contributions to the blockchain ecosystem and their visions for NEO have played a crucial role in its development and continued success.

Da HongFei, a blockchain pioneer in China
Da HongFei is widely recognised for his pioneering role in the Chinese blockchain space. Before co-founding NEO (originally known as Antshares), Da was already involved in the world of technology and innovation. His vision for NEO was to create a platform that facilitates the transition to a digital economy, while remaining open to regulation. Da is also the founder of OnChain, a blockchain technology company that works closely with governments and businesses to create blockchain solutions. His ability to navigate China’s complex regulatory ecosystem has been key to NEO’s positioning as a leader in the field.

Erik Zhang, architect of the dBFT consensus
Erik Zhang, co-founder of NEO and creator of the dBFT (Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance) consensus protocol, is another pillar of the NEO team. Zhang has played a key role in the technical development of the platform, particularly in the design and implementation of NeoVM and the smart contracts system. His contribution to the dual business model of NEO and GAS has also been crucial to the efficiency and practicality of the platform. Zhang continues to push the boundaries of what NEO can achieve, with a particular focus on improving security and scalability.

Their visions and contributions

Da HongFei and Erik Zhang share a common vision for NEO: to create a ‘smart economy’. This economy would be characterised by the use of smart contracts, reliable digital identification and the integration of dApps in various sectors. Their commitment to blockchain interoperability and the development of a platform capable of supporting a wide range of commercial and financial applications is at the heart of their strategy. They envision NEO not just as a cryptocurrency but as a complete infrastructure capable of revolutionising the way businesses and individuals interact with blockchain technology.

Da HongFei and Erik Zhang’s efforts have solidified NEO’s reputation as an innovative and trusted platform in the cryptocurrency ecosystem. Their leadership continues to inspire a global community of developers, investors and enthusiasts, contributing to NEO’s ongoing evolution.

Their hard work and dedication to NEO highlights the importance of thought leadership and technical innovation in the success of a cryptocurrency. Under their leadership, NEO continues to grow, promising to play a major role in the future of blockchain and the smart economy.

NEO technical specifications

NEO, often referred to as ‘China’s Ethereum’, stands out for its unique technical features aimed at creating a ‘smart economy’. This blockchain network uses a range of innovative technologies to offer smart contracts, dApps and digital asset management solutions. In this section, we’ll explore the key elements that make NEO a key player in the cryptocurrency ecosystem.

At the heart of NEO is its consensus mechanism, dBFT (Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance). This system enables the network to withstand Byzantine faults, ensuring greater security and stability. Unlike other consensus mechanisms, dBFT is designed to support a high number of transactions per second (TPS) while maintaining absolute block finality, meaning that once a transaction is confirmed, it cannot be reversed.

In 2019, NEO introduced dBFT 2.0, a significant upgrade that improves network stability and performance. This enhancement optimises GST and makes the network more resilient to disconnections or malicious acts by consensus nodes.

NEO and GAS: a dual business model

One of the most innovative aspects of NEO is its dual business model, consisting of NEO and GAS tokens. NEO holders participate in the governance of the blockchain, notably in blockchain voting decisions and the selection of consensus nodes. The NEO token represents a share in the blockchain, with a total of 100 million tokens available.

The GAS, on the other hand, is used to pay transaction fees and deploy or execute smart contracts. GAS is generated with each new block and distributed to NEO holders, creating an incentive to support and actively participate in the ecosystem. This dual business model contributes to a circular economy within the NEO platform.

NeoVM : Smart contract engineering in NEO

NeoVM (Neo Virtual Machine) is a lightweight, powerful virtual machine designed to run smart contracts on the NEO blockchain. Thanks to its compatibility with various programming languages, it offers developers considerable flexibility in creating sophisticated decentralised applications. NeoVM stands out for its scalability and efficiency, enabling optimisation of transaction costs and making development on NEO accessible to a wide range of creators.

These features make NEO an attractive platform for developers and businesses looking to exploit blockchain technology for real-world applications, ranging from decentralised finance (DeFi) to anti-quantum solutions for blockchain. By adopting a user-centric approach and focusing on blockchain interoperability, NEO strives to play a key role in advancing the digital economy.

NEO applications and uses

NEO, often referred to as ‘China’s Ethereum’, stands out for its diverse application areas and innovative use in the world of cryptocurrencies and blockchain. Thanks to its unique platform, NEO offers a solid infrastructure for smart contracts and decentralised applications (dApps), while integrating advanced technologies such as NeoID for digital identification and NeoFS for decentralised storage, not forgetting NeoQ for quantum resistance.

One of NEO’s key assets is its ability to host smart contracts and dApps. These smart contracts enable the automatic execution of agreements without intermediaries, offering greater security and efficiency. Developers can create applications on NEO for a variety of industries, including finance, insurance and logistics, taking advantage of the blockchain scalability and security of smart contracts.

-Blockchain interoperability: NEO has been designed to be interoperable with other blockchains, facilitating frictionless exchanges of information and value between different platforms.
-Development of dApps: With NeoVM, NEO’s virtual machine, developers can build high-performance decentralised applications tailored to users’ specific needs.

Digital identification and decentralised storage: NeoID and NeoFS

NeoID represents a significant advance in the field of digital identification on the blockchain. This technology enables secure identity verification that respects privacy, which is essential for KYC/AML compliance processes and the creation of reliable digital voting systems.

-Data security on blockchain: NeoFS, NEO’s file system, offers decentralised and secure storage, ensuring that data remains accessible and protected against external attacks.
-Digital Identity Protocol (NeoID): Provides secure management of digital identities, allowing users to control their personal data while interacting with various blockchain services.

Towards quantum resistance with NeoQ

NEO also stands out for its efforts to develop anti-quantum cryptography (NeoQ), aimed at securing the blockchain against future threats posed by quantum computing. This initiative places NEO at the forefront of blockchain technologies, anticipating future security and data protection needs.

These features make NEO a versatile blockchain platform, capable of meeting the diverse needs of businesses and developers, while contributing to the advancement of the smart economy.

Governance and consensus model

NEO‘s governance and consensus model is distinguished by its uniqueness and its ability to facilitate efficient blockchain interoperability, while ensuring the security and scalability of its network. This chapter explores in depth the mechanisms that underpin governance and consensus within the NEO ecosystem, highlighting the technical sophistication and strategic vision that are propelling NEO to the forefront of cryptocurrencies.

NEO tokens play a central role in the governance of the platform, allowing holders to participate in key decisions that shape the future of the network. Unlike many other cryptocurrencies, NEO adopts a Proof of Stake model, where voting rights and the ability to influence network decisions are proportional to the amount of NEO held.

This approach not only strengthens the security of the network by deterring malicious behaviour through the significant investment required to participate in governance, but also fosters a more engaged community invested in the long-term success of the ecosystem.

dBFT: At the heart of the NEO consensus

dBFT (Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance) is the consensus mechanism underlying NEO. It is designed to provide fast and irreversible transaction finality, eliminating the need for additional confirmations and increasing transaction efficiency. This mechanism enables NEO to process a substantial number of transactions per second (TPS), a crucial factor for the widespread adoption and use of smart contracts and decentralised applications (dApps).

dBFT 2.0, an evolution of the original model, has introduced significant improvements in terms of stability and performance, consolidating NEO’s position as the platform of choice for the development of next-generation blockchain applications.

NEO stands out for its commitment to inclusive governance and effective consensus, laying the foundations for a digital ecosystem where security, transparency and efficiency go hand in hand. Merging these principles with cutting-edge technologies such as NeoVM and NeoFS enables NEO to address a wide range of applications, from decentralised finance (DeFi) to digital identification and beyond, promising a future where blockchain plays a central role in digital transformation.

These elements, coupled with strategic partnerships and a vibrant community, reinforce NEO’s status as a leader in the blockchain space, ready to meet future challenges and exploit emerging opportunities in the global digital economy.

Strategic partners and collaborations

NEO, often hailed as China’s Ethereum, has forged significant partnerships that play a crucial role in its expansion and integration into the wider blockchain ecosystem. These strategic collaborations go beyond simple agreements to encompass a shared vision for the future of cryptocurrency and blockchain, marking the importance of blockchain interoperability and supporting innovation.

OnChain, co-founded by Da HongFei and Erik Zhang, is inextricably linked to NEO’s history. This blockchain technology company aims to provide blockchain solutions for businesses, driving the adoption of blockchain technology in the real world. The relationship between NEO and OnChain is a great example of how blockchain projects can work together to achieve a smart economy.

OnChain developed DNA (Decentralized Network Architecture), a cornerstone of the NEO ecosystem, which helps create a bridge between blockchain and the business sector. This collaboration highlights the importance of blockchain governance and distributed network architecture.

Expansion through collaboration with governments and companies

NEO has also partnered with governments and enterprises to explore blockchain applications in a variety of sectors, from finance to digital identity. These collaborations highlight NEO’s approach to blockchain regulation and compliance, which is essential for the widespread adoption of the technology.

These initiatives show how NEO, through its smart contracts and digital identity (NeoID) technology, is positioning itself as a key player in the integration of blockchain into real-world, regulated applications, paving the way for innovations in KYC/AML compliance.

NEO in the DeFi ecosystem

NEO, often referred to as “China’s Ethereum”, stands out for its unique approach to the world of Decentralised Finance (DeFi). Thanks to its solid infrastructure and technological innovations, NEO aspires to reshape the DeFi landscape. This section delves into NEO’s commitment to DeFi, highlighting Flamingo Finance and interoperability with Poly Network.

Flamingo Finance represents one of the most ambitious DeFi initiatives on the NEO blockchain. Launched in 2020, Flamingo is a comprehensive DeFi aggregator offering a range of services such as decentralised exchange (DEX), staking, and multi-chain asset management. This project is a perfect example of NEO’s ability to support complex decentralised applications (dApps) and offer advanced blockchain interoperability. Flamingo aims to create an open financial ecosystem that is accessible to all, demonstrating NEO’s potential in the field of DeFi.

Interoperability with Poly Network: an extended vision

Blockchain interoperability is a key pillar in NEO’s vision for DeFi. Poly Network, an interoperability protocol designed to facilitate the exchange of assets between different blockchains, plays a crucial role in this vision. By working closely with Poly Network, NEO is enabling its users to move assets seamlessly between various blockchain ecosystems, breaking down barriers between different cryptocurrencies and increasing the fluidity and efficiency of transactions in the DeFi space. This collaboration underlines NEO’s commitment to an interconnected and diverse digital economy, where users can easily access a multitude of decentralised financial services.

These initiatives demonstrate NEO’s commitment to providing a robust platform for the development of DeFi, underlining its role as a facilitator of an inclusive and interconnected digital economy. With projects such as Flamingo Finance and collaborations such as the one with Poly Network, NEO is firmly positioned as a key player in the evolution of decentralised finance, offering innovative solutions for the future of finance.

Future prospects and developments

The evolution of NEO represents an exciting chapter in the history of blockchain and cryptocurrency. With the launch of NEO 3.0, dubbed Neo N3, the platform has embarked on a path that promises to reshape its ecosystem, introducing significant enhancements that aim to extend its applicability and strengthen its position in an ever-evolving market.

The launch of NEO 3.0: a turning point for the ecosystem

NEO 3.0 marks a major overhaul with both technical and functional improvements. This “NEO 3.0 Update” introduces a series of new features and optimisations that enhance the scalability, blockchain interoperability and security of smart contracts. One of the main criticisms of NEO in the past has been its perceived centralisation, a concern that NEO 3.0 seeks to alleviate by introducing a more inclusive and transparent blockchain governance mechanism.

-Technical and functional improvements: With dBFT 2.0, NEO aims to optimise its ability to handle a large number of transactions per second (TPS), while maintaining a high level of security and reliability. The dual NEO and GAS business model has also been refined, offering a more balanced structure that provides incentives for developers and users.

-Future developments: NEO is not stopping here; future plans include exploring new avenues in the areas of DeFi (Decentralised Finance) and NFT (Non-Fungible Tokens), while continuing to strengthen its ecosystem through strategic partnerships and collaborations.

NEO and the quest for interoperability

Another crucial aspect of NEO 3.0 is its commitment to blockchain interoperability. Through projects such as Poly Network, NEO aims to facilitate the communication and exchange of assets between different blockchains, a major asset in an increasingly fragmented crypto ecosystem.

-Poly Network and Flamingo Finance are concrete examples of NEO’s effort to position itself as a key player in the DeFi space, providing a robust platform for the development of dApps and the creation of decentralised financial solutions.

NEO‘s future, with NEO 3.0 and beyond, looks promising. The improvements made and future developments planned position NEO as a leading blockchain, capable of meeting the challenges of an evolving market and playing a central role in the widespread adoption of blockchain technology.

NEO oracles and NeoFS

In this section, we explore the innovation and application of decentralised oracles and NeoFS within the NEO ecosystem, highlighting their contribution to the advancement of blockchain and NEO cryptocurrency.

The importance of decentralised oracles in the NEO ecosystem

Decentralised oracles play a crucial role in the interoperability and functionality of smart contracts within NEO. These oracles allow smart contracts to access data from outside the blockchain in a secure and reliable way, paving the way for more complex and interactive decentralised applications (dApps). By integrating real data, such as exchange rates or event results, decentralised oracles enrich the NEO ecosystem, offering unprecedented blockchain interoperability and extensive application possibilities.

Examples of use:

-Automating payments based on market conditions
-Execution of contracts based on externally verifiable events

NeoFS: innovation in decentralised storage

NeoFS, for Neo File Storage, represents a significant advance in the field of decentralised storage. By offering a distributed, secure and easily accessible storage space, NeoFS facilitates data management for dApps, contributing to the robustness and efficiency of the NEO ecosystem. The technology enables developers to store data persistently and securely, off-chain, while guaranteeing its availability and integrity via a consensus mechanism.

Key features:

-Security and confidentiality through encryption and data fragmentation
-Accessibility and sustainability through an economic model that encourages the sharing of disk space

These technologies, decentralised oracles and NeoFS, illustrate NEO’s commitment to innovation and to delivering advanced solutions to meet the challenges of the modern digital economy. They demonstrate NEO’s ability to integrate complex functionality, reinforcing its position as the platform of choice for the development of decentralised applications and the creation of a smart economy.

Comparison: NEO vs Ethereum

In the burgeoning world of cryptocurrencies, NEO and Ethereum stand out as two leading platforms, facilitating the development of smart contracts and decentralised applications (dApps). Although they share similar goals, these two blockchains have distinct characteristics that make them unique in their own way.

NEO and Ethereum are often compared because of their support for smart contracts and dApps, but there are several aspects that clearly distinguish one from the other.

Architecture and consensus

NEO uses a consensus model called dBFT (Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance), optimised to reduce fragmentation and improve scalability. This method enables faster and more energy-efficient transactions. Ethereum, on the other hand, has long used Proof of Work, although it is transitioning to Proof of Stake with its Ethereum 2.0 evolution, aimed at improving energy efficiency and processing capacity.

Economy and usefulness of tokens
NEO adopts a dual business model with two types of token: NEO for representing ownership of the platform, enabling voting in blockchain governance, and GAS, used to pay transaction fees. This separation ensures economic flexibility and encourages token holders to participate in the ecosystem. Ethereum, on the other hand, uses ETH as its main currency for all transactions and interactions on its platform.

Language support for development
Another point of divergence is language support for developers. NEO supports several programming languages, including C#, Java, and Python, making it accessible to a wide range of developers. Ethereum, on the other hand, relies primarily on Solidity, a language specifically designed for creating smart contracts, which can represent a learning curve for new developers.

NEO's competitive advantages

NEO offers a number of advantages that could give it a favourable position over Ethereum in certain circumstances:

-Blockchain interoperability: NEO aims to facilitate interoperability between various blockchains, a major asset for the widespread adoption of distributed ledger technologies.
-Smart contract security: Thanks to the NeoVM architecture and ongoing enhancements such as NEO 3.0, NEO is positioned as a secure platform for the deployment of smart contracts.
-Quantum resilience: With initiatives like NeoQ, NEO is preparing for the post-quantum era, offering an additional layer of security against potential quantum computing threats.

While NEO and Ethereum share many of the same goals for decentralisation and blockchain innovation, their unique approaches and features offer distinct advantages. The selection between these platforms will ultimately depend on the specific needs of developers and businesses in the cryptocurrency ecosystem.

How to buy NEO? Practical guide

Buying and storing cryptocurrencies like NEO are key steps for those wishing to enter the blockchain ecosystem. In this section, we’ll discuss methods for acquiring NEO and best practices for storing it safely.

Where to buy NEO

Buying NEO can be done on several decentralised (DEX) and centralised exchange platforms. Reputable platforms such as Binance, Huobi, and OKEx offer the opportunity to buy NEO against other cryptocurrencies or fiat currencies. It’s important to choose an exchange that offers good security, a user-friendly interface, and a high transaction volume to ensure liquidity.

1.Create an account on an exchange platform.
2.Check your identity to comply with KYC/AML regulations.
3.Deposit funds into your account, either in cryptocurrency or fiat currency.
4.Search for NEO in the exchange section of the platform.
5.Make your purchase by choosing the amount of NEO you wish to buy and confirming the transaction.

How to store your NEO

Once you’ve made your purchase, the question arises of how to store your NEOs securely. There are several options:

-Software wallets: Applications such as NEO Wallet or Neon Wallet allow you to store your NEOs on your computer or smartphone. These wallets offer a good combination of security and convenience.
-Hardware wallets: For maximum security, hardware wallets like Ledger Nano S or Trezor support NEO. They store your private keys offline, keeping them safe from online attacks.
-Paper wallets: Although less common, paper wallets are an option for storing your NEO offline. They consist of a physical printout of your public and private keys.

Each storage method has its advantages and disadvantages, ranging from convenience to maximum security. It is advisable to spread your assets across several types of portfolio to minimise risk.

By following these steps and choosing the right storage platforms and methods, you can secure your NEO investments and reap the benefits of this dynamic blockchain ecosystem.

NEO's criticisms, concerns and strengths

NEO, often heralded as the rising star of the cryptocurrency ecosystem, has travelled a road paved with notable successes but also significant criticism. This section will look at the various criticisms and concerns raised about NEO, while highlighting its undeniable strengths.

Criticism and concerns about NEO

One of the main criticisms levelled at NEO concerns its pre-mine. Unlike other cryptocurrencies that favour a more decentralised distribution from launch, NEO opted for a pre-mine, where a significant quantity of tokens were created and distributed even before the blockchain was made public. This approach raised questions about the centralisation of token ownership and, by extension, the influence this could have on blockchain governance and strategic decisions.

Another sticking point concerns GAS rewards for NEO holders. NEO’s dual business model, separating governance rights (via NEO tokens) from rights to use network resources (via GAS tokens), is certainly innovative. However, it has been criticised for the way it rewards NEO holders over the long term, raising questions about fairness and accessibility for new entrants.

NEO's strengths

Despite these criticisms, NEO has some notable strengths that continue to attract developers and investors. Its dBFT (Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance) consensus technology, although the subject of debate as to its centralisation, offers remarkable security and transactional efficiency. dBFT enables fast and irreversible transactions, a major advantage for commercial adoption.

NEO also stands out for its commitment to the creation of a smart economy. Through its smart contracts and technologies such as NeoFS and NeoID, NEO aims to integrate blockchain solutions into various sectors, promising increased interoperability and security.

The vision of Da HongFei and Erik Zhang, co-founders of NEO, continues to guide the platform towards innovation and expansion, despite the challenges encountered. Their leadership and the active community around NEO are pillars of its resilience and attractiveness in the cryptocurrency landscape.

While NEO faces legitimate criticism and concerns, its technological strengths and forward-looking vision remain major assets. As with any emerging technology, the balance between innovation, security, and decentralisation remains a constant challenge, but the foundations laid by NEO suggest significant potential for growth and adaptation.

Conclusion

NEO is positioning itself as a key player in the cryptocurrency world, thanks to its unique approach focused on the smart economy. By combining smart contracts, dApps, and a dual business model with NEO and GAS, the platform underlines its ambition to revolutionise digital transactions and blockchain interoperability.

NEO’s dBFT consensus, its evolution towards dBFT 2.0, and the implementation of NeoVM highlight NEO’s ability to offer a secure, scalable and high-performance solution for the development of decentralised applications. With NeoFS for decentralised storage and NeoID for digital identification, NEO is extending its usefulness well beyond simple transactions, targeting applications in various sectors such as finance, identity and data storage.

In conclusion, NEO stands out for its innovative vision of blockchain and its commitment to the development of an integrated digital economy. Despite the challenges, its growth potential and role in advancing blockchain technologies remain undeniable, making NEO a cryptocurrency to watch in the coming years.

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